Company Law

Understanding the Correct Form: MGT-7 versus MGT-7Ai) Distinguishing Between MGT-7 and MGT-7A(a) With the introduction of the MCA V3 portal, the process of filing Annual Returns has been refined by pr...

Transparency and accountability are fundamental to effective corporate governance. Directors and those with managerial authority must uphold their fiduciary duties by making timely disclosures and avo...

1. Escalating Compliance Obligations Under the Companies Act, 2013(i) Introduction: Shifting from Clarity to ComplexityWith the replacement of the Companies Act, 1956, by the Companies Act, 2013, corp...

1. OverviewIndependent Directors as Pillars of GovernanceIndependent directors have emerged as a cornerstone in the architecture of corporate governance for Indian companies. Their primary function is...

Understanding the Statutory Basis for Branch Audits(i) Scope and Identification of Branch OfficesThe Companies Act, 2013 does not lay down a separate, exhaustive definition for a ‘branch office’. Inst...

Understanding the One Person Company (OPC) Structure(i) Definition and Legal FrameworkAs per Section 2(62) of the Companies Act, 2013, a One Person Company (OPC) is defined as a company that has a sin...

Overview of Director Resignation under Companies Act, 2013When a director chooses to resign from a company, the procedure is governed by Section 168 of the Companies Act, 2013. This section outlines t...

1. OverviewIn July 2025, the Supreme Court’s decision in Hyatt International Southwest Asia Ltd. v. ADDT (“Hyatt”) marked a pivotal shift towards prioritizing substance over legal form in determining...

IntroductionCorporate mergers and amalgamations play a pivotal role in the evolution of business entities. To ensure that the statutory framework remains relevant and efficient, periodic reviews and a...

Overview of Rights Issue ComplianceA rights issue, as per Section 62(1)(a) of the Companies Act, 2013, allows a company to offer additional shares proportionately to its existing resident shareholders...

Introduction to Enhanced Fast-Track Merger RegimeThe Companies (Compromises, Arrangements and Amalgamations) Amendment Rules, 2025, have significantly expanded the avenues for corporate restructuring...

1. OverviewImagine an investor, Arjun, who’s been following a stock for hours. The price hits his target, he quickly enters his trade details, but as he clicks ‘submit,’ his trading app freezes. By th...

OverviewOn January 24, 2023, a U.S.-based short-selling firm released a report that sent shockwaves through Indian financial markets. The report, known as the Hindenburg Report, accused the Adani Grou...

OverviewSection 186 of the Companies Act, 2013 governs the manner in which companies in India can extend loans, provide guarantees, offer security, or make investments. This framework is designed to e...

1. OverviewCorporate restructuring in India has traditionally required approval from the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT), as per Sections 230–232 of the Companies Act, 2013. However, Section 233...

Overview of Legislative and Regulatory BasisSection 233 of the Companies Act, 2013, together with Rule 25 of the Companies (Compromises, Arrangements and Amalgamations) Rules, 2016, governs the fast-t...

1. IntroductionThe concept of Minimum Promoters’ Contribution (MPC) is central to the public issue process in India, underscoring the promoters’ engagement, financial reliability, and adherence to sta...

Introduction to Non-Convertible Debentures (NCDs)Non-Convertible Debentures (NCDs) have become a central instrument in corporate funding, serving both immediate and longer-term financial requirements...

Overviewi. Purpose of Mergers and AmalgamationsMergers and amalgamations serve as vital instruments for business restructuring, allowing companies to expand, diversify operations, and pursue their str...

OverviewThe Prevalence and Purpose of Review PetitionsThe Indian legal system sees frequent use of review petitions by aggrieved assessees seeking reconsideration of judicial decisions. While the Code...