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Evolution and Regulatory Landscape of Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) in India: Opportunities, Hurdles, and Compliance
1. Introduction: The Rise of ETFs in IndiaExchange Traded Funds (ETFs) have transformed the Indian capital market environment by merging the diversification of mutual funds with the flexibility and li...
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Evolution of Trust Taxation under the Income Tax Act, 2025 – A Comparative Overview with the 1961 Law
1. IntroductionThe Income Tax Act, 2025 represents a major overhaul of the direct tax landscape in India, replacing the six-decade-old Income Tax Act, 1961. Its primary objective is to simplify, moder...
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Taxation of Capital Gains for Charitable Trusts: Comparative Analysis of Income Tax Act, 2025 and Income Tax Bill, 2025—Key Impacts and Practical Insights
OverviewCharitable trusts and the treatment of capital gains have long been a focal point in Indian tax jurisprudence, given the interplay between exemptions and the legal structure governing trusts....
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A New Era in Indian Maritime Law: The Merchant Shipping Act, 2025 and Its Impact on Maritime Regulation
1. OverviewThe Merchant Shipping Act, 2025 (MSA) signifies a transformative shift in India’s maritime legal landscape, replacing the Merchant Shipping Act, 1958. This modern legislation is crafted to...
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Perspective on GSTR-9 and GSTR-9C: Evaluating the Necessity of Annual GST Compliances
Overview and Legislative FoundationSection 44 of the Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST) Act establishes the statutory basis for the annual return (GSTR-9) and the reconciliation statement (GSTR-9C)...
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GST Implications on Hostels and Paying Guest Accommodations: Recent Legal Developments and Practical Insights
Background and Evolution of GST on Hostel and PG Accommodation(i) Introduction and Revenue’s PositionThe applicability of Goods and Services Tax (GST) on services offered by hostels and paying guest (...
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In-Depth Guide to GST and Regulatory Compliance on Corporate Guarantees Among Related Entities
1. Introduction to Corporate Guarantees in Group CompaniesCorporations frequently deploy corporate guarantees to safeguard group interests and enhance creditworthiness within group entities. This guid...
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Guidance on Reporting ITC Reclaimed in FY 2024–25 for the Same Financial Year in GSTR-9
1. Introduction and ScopeThis article provides a comprehensive overview on how Input Tax Credit (ITC) that is claimed, reversed, and then reclaimed within the same financial year (FY 2024–25) must be...
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Understanding Section 160 of Companies Act, 2013: Directorship Candidature Unveiled
Overview: The Role of Section 160 in Corporate DemocracySection 160 of the Companies Act, 2013 plays a vital role in enhancing corporate governance by facilitating open and transparent board appointme...
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Annual Return Filing Under Revised Small Company Definition: Distinguishing Between MGT-7 and MGT-7A
Introduction The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has amended the definition of a "Small Company" under the Companies Act, 2013, effective from 1st December 2025. The revised thresholds specify a p...
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Revised PAS-6 Compliance Requirement for Companies Newly Classified as Small Companies
Introduction to Revised Definition of Small Companiesi) Overview of MCA NotificationThe Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has recently updated the financial criteria for classifying a “Small Company...
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A Comprehensive Review of the Health Security se National Security Cess Bill, 2025: A New Approach to Targeted Fiscal Policy
Introduction: Evolving Fiscal Priorities in Indirect TaxationThe Health Security se National Security Cess Bill, 2025 ushers in a notable change in India’s indirect tax regime, especially as the GST C...
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Penalties Imposed by ROC on Company and Directors for Paying Excess Remuneration: An Analysis of Legal Requirements under the Companies Act, 2013
Overview of the Matter(i) Case ContextThis article discusses a recent adjudication by the Registrar of Companies (ROC), Cuttack, concerning the breach of statutory limits for managerial remuneration b...
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Supreme Court Defines 'Temporary Lull' Versus 'Business Cessation': Implications for Non-Resident Assessees and Multinational Enterprises
IntroductionThe Supreme Court of India, in its recent decision in Pride Foramer S.A. v. CIT ([2025] 179 taxmann.com 464/307 Taxman 371/481 ITR 1, dated 17 October 2025), has provided crucial guidance...
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Limitation on the Authority to Remand Cases for Fresh Determination under Indian Income Tax Law
1. OverviewIt is a relatively common practice for appellate bodies, whether courts or statutory authorities, to remit matters to lower forums for reconsideration or retrial. However, the ability to re...
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Distinguishing Between Capital Assets and Business Assets: A Tax Perspective
1. Overview: Why Asset Classification Drives Tax OutcomesThe distinction between capital assets and business assets is a recurring and critical issue in Indian tax law. This classification influences...
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Essential Updates for GSTR 9/9C Filing for FY 2024-25: Key Changes and Practical Guidance
The Goods and Services Tax Network (GSTN) has issued fresh FAQs introducing significant clarifications for the Annual Return (GSTR 9) and Reconciliation Statement (GSTR 9C) pertaining to Financial Yea...
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Tax Adjudication and Principles of Natural Justice under the GST Framework
Introduction to GST and the Evolution of Tax AdjudicationThe conceptualization of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India traces back to the administration led by Atal Bihari Vajpayee. GST, a unifie...
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Reassessing Allowable Deductions: Air Conditioners and Travel Expenses in Capital Gains Computation
Overview and Contexti) Background of Capital Gains and Improvement CostsThe Income Tax Act, 1961, under Section 48, specifies the computation method for capital gains. When an assessee sells a capital...
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The Bombay High Court’s Guidance Post-Supreme Court Recall in Benami Law
1. Introduction: Context of Legal Flux in Benami AdjudicationThe recent decision of the Bombay High Court in Ganesh Sopan Satkar (2025) emerges as a significant appellate response following the Suprem...